What Is An A1C Test?
A1C is a common blood test used to diagnose type 1 and type 2 diabetes and gauge how well a person is managing their diabetes. The A1C test result reflects a person’s average blood sugar level for the past two to three months. Specifically, the A1C test measures what percentage of their hemoglobin — a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen — is coated with sugar. The higher your A1C level, the poorer your blood sugar control and the higher your risk of diabetes complications.
The American Diabetes Association recommends that all abnormally high blood sugar tests (taken while fasting) be followed up with more detailed testing for a definitive diagnosis. Historically, this test has been used to manage the long-term treatment of known diabetics and is used as an indicator of diabetic control. The A1C is also useful in identifying undiagnosed diabetics in the non-fasting environment commonly encountered at employee health fairs.
What A1C Level Is Considered Normal?
Hemoglobin A1C levels of 4.5% to 5.7% are considered normal. The A1C goal for people with diabetes is less than 7%. A change in a patient’s treatment plan is almost always needed if the test result is over 8%. If patients can lower their HbA1c numbers by any amount, they will improve their chances of staying healthy.
How Often Should A Person Get Tested?
People diagnosed as having diabetes should get the HbA1c test at least two times a year if their blood sugar is in the target range and stable. If they are taking insulin, if their treatment changes or if their blood sugar stays too high, they should get the HbA1c test at least every 3 months until their blood sugar level improves.
If you have a history of diabetes in your family, it’s important that you get tested. Contact us if you have any questions or to set up an appointment.
